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法
法
Code of National Law · People's Republic of China
国家法律
National Policy
71 statutes · 16 titles
last enacted 2005
average shown on
country page ↗
Economic
Center-Left
-1.33
Social
Moderate
+0.00
code
record
Titles
Taxation
+1.1
Economic
-3.0
Education
-2.5
Environment
-0.8
Governance
-1.3
Healthcare
-3.0
Infrastructure
-2.0
Defense
+1.3
Foreign Policy
+2.0
Immigration
-1.7
Media & Information
-3.0
Law & Justice
+2.0
Social
-3.0
Agriculture
-2.7
Technology
-1.5
Trade & Tariffs
—
Title I — Taxation
8 statutes
leans center-right +1.1
▾
Statutory Enterprise Income Tax Law
— 10%
enacted 1997 · Jun 11 · per Tax Act
↑
Small Businesses
↑
~GDP Growth
↑
~manufacturingCompetitiveness
Economic
Right
Statutory Individual Income Tax Law
— 15%
enacted 1998 · Jun 15 · per more money into their pockets
↑
Small Businesses
↑
~Median Income
↓
~Poverty Rate
↑
~Income Inequality
↑
~GDP Growth
Economic
Right
Statutory Value-Added Tax Law
— 6%
enacted 2005 · Jun 28 · per Belt and Road Provision Act
↓
Small Businesses
↓
~Cost of Living
↑
~GDP Growth
↓
~Poverty Rate
Economic
Left
Statutory Land Value-Added Tax Law
— 20%
enacted 1997 · Jun 11 · per Tax Act
↑
Small Businesses
↓
~housingAffordability
↑
~Income Inequality
↓
~wohnungsBauRate
Economic
Right
Statutory Urban Maintenance & Construction Tax Law
— 7%
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Statutory Urban Maintenance & Construction Tax Law (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Statutory Stamp Duty Law
— 0.05%
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Statutory Stamp Duty Law (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Statutory Social Insurance Contribution Law
— 10%
enacted 1997 · Jun 11 · per Tax Act
↑
Small Businesses
↓
~rentenStabilitaet
↓
~Unemployment
↑
~Median Income
↑
~Poverty Rate
Economic
Right
Statutory Customs Tariff Law
— 7%
enacted 2005 · Jun 28 · per Belt and Road Provision Act
Economic
Centrist
Title II — Economic
22 statutes
leans left -3.0
▾
Statutory State Enterprises Law
— SOE Consolidation Law
enacted 1994 · Jun 7 · per Economy Act 1994
↑
~industrialPolicyExecution
↓
~Small Businesses
↓
~GDP Growth
↓
~manufacturingCompetitiveness
↓
~Income Inequality
Economic
Left
Social
Lean Trad
−CN¥6,877,602,353/yr
Statutory Industrial Strategy Law
— Made in China Expansion Law
enacted 1994 · Jun 7 · per Economy Act 1994
↑
~industrialPolicyExecution
↑
~manufacturingCompetitiveness
↓
~GDP Growth
↓
~Small Businesses
Economic
Left
−CN¥6,877,602,353/yr
Statutory Minimum Wage Law
— Living-Wage Federal Law
enacted 1999 · Jun 16 · per Max wages.
↑
~Median Income
↓
~Unemployment
↓
~Poverty Rate
↓
~Small Businesses
↑
~commonProsperityIndex
Economic
Left
Statutory Fiscal Stimulus Law
— Green Investment Surge Law
enacted 1996 · Jun 10 · per CDA 1995
↑
~GDP Growth
↑
~manufacturingCompetitiveness
↑
~Cost of Living
Economic
Left
−CN¥6,877,602,353/yr
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Economy-wide | Domestic only
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Agriculture sector
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Automobiles sector
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Chemical Industries sector
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Construction sector | Domestic only
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Defense sector | Domestic only
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Energy sector
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Entertainment sector | Domestic only
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Extraction sector | Domestic only
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Financial sector | Domestic only
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Healthcare sector
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Logistics sector | Domestic only
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Manufacturing sector | Domestic only
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Media sector | Domestic only
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Real Estate sector
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Retail sector
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Technology sector | Domestic only
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Telecommunications sector | Domestic only
+7.5% margin active
Title III — Education
4 statutes
leans left -2.5
▾
Statutory Education Funding Law
— Common Prosperity Education Expansion Law
enacted 1997 · Jun 12 · per Max Education Act
↑
~Education Spending
↑
~commonProsperityIndex
Economic
Left
Social
Center-Liberal
−CN¥17,202,652,012/yr
Statutory Gaokao Reform Law
— Comprehensive Evaluation Reform Law
enacted 1997 · Jun 12 · per Max Education Act
↓
~academicPressure
↑
~Social Mobility
↑
~hukouMobility
Economic
Lean Left
Social
Liberal
−CN¥17,202,652,012/yr
Statutory Academic Pressure Reform Law
— Comprehensive Education Liberalization Law
enacted 1997 · Jun 12 · per Max Education Act
↓
~academicPressure
↑
~mentalHealthAccess
↑
~birthRate
Economic
Lean Left
Social
Liberal
Statutory Research and Science Law
— Made in China Acceleration Law
enacted 1995 · Jun 8 · per Tech Tree Advancement Act
↑
~rdIntensity
↑
~industrialPolicyExecution
↑
~GDP Growth
Economic
Left
−CN¥17,209,289,444/yr
Title IV — Environment
4 statutes
leans center-left -0.8
▾
Statutory Renewable Energy Target Law
— Statutory Renewable Energy Target Law
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Statutory Renewable Energy Target Law (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−CN¥4,585,068,236/yr
Statutory Nuclear Energy Law
— Nuclear Expansion Surge Law
enacted 1995 · Jun 8 · per Nuclear Energy Law
↓
~Carbon Emissions
↑
~nuclearSafety
↑
~energyTransitionProgress
↑
~manufacturingCompetitiveness
Economic
Left
Social
Center-Trad
−CN¥4,585,068,236/yr
Statutory Emissions Trading Scheme Law
— ETS Expansion Law
standing law
↓
~Carbon Emissions
↓
~manufacturingCompetitiveness
↑
~Renewable Energy
↑
~industrialPolicyExecution
↓
~economicFreedom
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
Statutory Climate Targets Law
— Statutory Climate Targets Law
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Statutory Climate Targets Law (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−CN¥4,585,068,236/yr
Title V — Governance
3 statutes
leans center-left -1.3
▾
Statutory Anti-Corruption Campaign Law
— Anti-Corruption Surge Law
enacted 2001 · Jun 19 · per For The State Act
↑
~partyDiscipline
↓
~Corruption
↑
~Public Trust
↑
~manufacturingCompetitiveness
Economic
Lean Left
Social
Traditional
Statutory NPC Reform Law
— NPC Authority Expansion Law
enacted 2001 · Jun 19 · per For The State Act
↑
~Transparency
↑
~Public Trust
↓
~partyDiscipline
↑
~Voter Turnout
Economic
Lean Left
Social
Liberal
Statutory HK-Macao Affairs Law
— Security Reinforcement Law
enacted 1998 · Jun 15 · per Women's Rights + Other Stuff Act
↑
~taiwanStraitTension
↑
~partyDiscipline
↓
~manufacturingCompetitiveness
↓
~beltAndRoadEngagement
Economic
Centrist
Social
Lean Trad
Title VI — Healthcare
4 statutes
leans left -3.0
▾
Statutory Medical Insurance Law
— Common Prosperity Medical Expansion Law
enacted 1995 · Jun 8 · per Healthcare Expansion and Lifelong Preparations Act
↓
~Preventable Mortality
↑
~Health Preparedness
↑
~Physician Rate
↓
~Cost of Living
↑
~commonProsperityIndex
Economic
Left
Social
Liberal
−CN¥22,936,869,350/yr
Statutory Elder Care Services Law
— Community Elder Care Expansion Law
enacted 1995 · Jun 8 · per Healthcare Expansion and Lifelong Preparations Act
↑
~elderCareQuality
↑
~Life Expectancy
↑
~Social Cohesion
↑
~commonProsperityIndex
Economic
Left
Social
Center-Liberal
−CN¥9,156,250,265/yr
Statutory Mental Health Services Law
— Youth Mental Health Expansion Law
enacted 1995 · Jun 9 · per Stronger Mental Health, for a Greater China
↑
~mentalHealthAccess
↑
~Social Cohesion
↓
~socialCreditCoverage
↑
~Health Preparedness
Economic
Left
Social
Lean Liberal
−CN¥9,156,250,265/yr
Statutory Public Health Preparedness Law
— Healthy China Expansion Law
enacted 1995 · Jun 8 · per Healthcare Expansion and Lifelong Preparations Act
↑
~Health Preparedness
↓
~Preventable Mortality
↑
~socialCreditCoverage
↓
~Cost of Living
Economic
Left
Social
Center-Liberal
−CN¥9,156,250,265/yr
Title VII — Infrastructure
3 statutes
leans lean left -2.0
▾
Statutory Rail Transport Law
— Rail Expansion Acceleration Law
enacted 1999 · Jun 17 · per High speed Rails Act
↑
~transportEfficiency
↑
~Public Transit
↓
~GDP Growth
↓
~eastWestRegionalGap
Economic
Left
Social
Moderate
−CN¥11,462,670,589/yr
Statutory Digital Infrastructure Law
— Statutory Digital Infrastructure Law
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Statutory Digital Infrastructure Law (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−CN¥11,462,670,589/yr
Statutory Housing Policy Law
— Common Prosperity Housing Expansion Law
enacted 1995 · Jun 9 · per Infrastructure State Act
↓
~housingAffordability
↑
~wohnungsBauRate
↑
~commonProsperityIndex
↑
~GDP Growth
Economic
Left
Social
Center-Liberal
−CN¥11,462,670,589/yr
Title VIII — Defense
3 statutes
leans center-right +1.3
▾
Statutory PLA Modernization Law
— Demobilization Reform Law
enacted 1995 · Jun 8 · per Defense Reform
↓
~taiwanStraitTension
↓
~industrialPolicyExecution
↑
~manufacturingCompetitiveness
↑
~GDP Growth
Economic
Right
Social
Center-Liberal
−CN¥5,165,843,545/yr
Statutory Taiwan Strait Doctrine Law
— Peaceful Unification Priority Law
enacted 1999 · Jun 16 · per Rapproachment Act
↓
~taiwanStraitTension
↓
~partyDiscipline
↑
~manufacturingCompetitiveness
↑
~beltAndRoadEngagement
↑
~militaryReadiness
Economic
Center-Right
Social
Center-Liberal
−CN¥703,043,796/yr
Statutory Cybersecurity Law
— Statutory Cybersecurity Law
enacted 1995 · Jun 8 · per Defense Reform
Economic
Centrist
Social
Center-Trad
−CN¥8,589,361,161/yr
Title IX — Foreign Policy
3 statutes
leans lean trad +2.0
▾
Statutory Belt and Road Initiative Law
— Statutory Belt and Road Initiative Law
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Statutory Belt and Road Initiative Law (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−CN¥18,340,272,943/yr
Statutory US-China Relations Law
— Strategic Decoupling Law
enacted 1995 · Jun 8 · per National Foreign Policy Act
↓
~tradeBalance
↓
~manufacturingCompetitiveness
↑
~industrialPolicyExecution
↑
~taiwanStraitTension
↑
~partyDiscipline
Social
Traditional
Statutory UN Security Council Posture Law
— Strategic UNSC Coordination Law
enacted 1995 · Jun 8 · per National Foreign Policy Act
↑
~beltAndRoadEngagement
↑
~partyDiscipline
↓
~taiwanStraitTension
↑
~manufacturingCompetitiveness
Social
Traditional
Title X — Immigration
3 statutes
leans lean left -1.7
▾
Statutory Hukou Reform Law
— Common Prosperity Hukou Expansion Law
enacted 1996 · Jun 9 · per Immigration Overhaul Act
↑
~hukouMobility
↑
~commonProsperityIndex
↓
~eastWestRegionalGap
↓
~housingAffordability
↑
~Social Mobility
↑
~Urbanization
↑
~housingAffordability
Economic
Lean Left
Social
Liberal
Statutory Foreign Talent Law
— Talent Attraction Expansion Law
enacted 1996 · Jun 9 · per Immigration Overhaul Act
↑
~Workforce Skills
↑
~industrialPolicyExecution
↑
~foreignWorkerIntegration
↑
~manufacturingCompetitiveness
↓
~partyDiscipline
↑
~Migration Rate
↑
~housingAffordability
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Liberal
Statutory Diaspora Engagement Law
— Diaspora Investment Expansion Law
enacted 1996 · Jun 9 · per Immigration Overhaul Act
↑
~beltAndRoadEngagement
↑
~partyDiscipline
↑
~manufacturingCompetitiveness
↑
~foreignWorkerIntegration
↑
~housingAffordability
Economic
Lean Left
Social
Traditional
Title 11 — Media & Information
2 statutes
leans left -3.0
▾
Statutory State Media Funding Law
— State Media Acceleration Law
enacted 2001 · Jun 19 · per For The State Act
↑
~stateMediaControl
↑
~partyDiscipline
↓
~Press Freedom
↓
~Media Polarization
Economic
Left
Social
Lean Trad
−CN¥4,585,068,236/yr
Statutory Press Freedom Law
— Journalist Protection Law
enacted 1996 · Jun 10 · per For Glorious China.
↑
~Press Freedom
↓
~partyDiscipline
↓
~Corruption
↑
~Public Trust
↓
~nationalPride
Social
Lean Liberal
Title 12 — Law & Justice
3 statutes
leans lean trad +2.0
▾
Statutory Public Security Law
— Public Security Acceleration Law
enacted 1995 · Jun 8 · per Public Security and Criminal Justice Reform Act
↑
~Safety Confidence
↓
~Crime Rate
↑
~socialCreditCoverage
↑
~partyDiscipline
↑
~Public Trust
Economic
Lean Left
Social
Traditional
−CN¥7,641,780,393/yr
Statutory Criminal Justice Law
— Strike-Hard Expansion Law
enacted 2001 · Jun 20 · per no crime.
↑
~Incarceration
↓
~Crime Rate
↑
~Public Trust
↓
~Violent Crime
↑
~partyDiscipline
Social
Traditional
−CN¥7,641,780,393/yr
Statutory Internet Governance Law
— Statutory Internet Governance Law
standing law
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
Title 13 — Social
4 statutes
leans left -3.0
▾
Statutory Pension System Law
— Common Prosperity Pension Expansion Law
enacted 1996 · Jun 10 · per Family and Gender Reform
↑
~rentenStabilitaet
↑
~elderCareQuality
↑
~commonProsperityIndex
↓
~laborParticipation
Economic
Left
Social
Center-Liberal
−CN¥22,936,869,350/yr
Statutory Family Policy Law
— Common Prosperity Family Expansion Law
enacted 1996 · Jun 10 · per Family and Gender Reform
↑
~birthRate
↑
~genderEquality
↑
~commonProsperityIndex
Economic
Left
Social
Moderate
−CN¥19,329,861,670/yr
Statutory Gender Equality Law
— Workplace Equity Expansion Law
enacted 1998 · Jun 15 · per Women's Rights + Other Stuff Act
↑
~genderEquality
↑
~Social Mobility
↑
~commonProsperityIndex
↓
~birthRate
Social
Liberal
−CN¥22,936,869,350/yr
Statutory Common Prosperity Law
— Wealth Redistribution Expansion Law
enacted 1996 · Jun 10 · per For Glorious China.
↑
~commonProsperityIndex
↓
~Income Inequality
↑
~ruralRevitalization
↓
~manufacturingCompetitiveness
↑
~Small Businesses
Economic
Left
Social
Lean Trad
−CN¥22,936,869,350/yr
Title 14 — Agriculture
3 statutes
leans left -2.7
▾
Statutory Agricultural Subsidies Law
— Common Prosperity Farm Expansion Law
enacted 1996 · Jun 10 · per National Agriculture Bill
↑
~ruralRevitalization
↑
~commonProsperityIndex
↑
~tradeBalance
↓
~eastWestRegionalGap
Economic
Left
Social
Center-Liberal
−CN¥6,113,424,314/yr
Statutory Food Security Law
— Strategic Stockpile Expansion Law
enacted 1997 · Jun 13 · per Improve our agriculture.
↑
~tradeBalance
↑
~manufacturingCompetitiveness
↑
~ruralRevitalization
↑
~industrialPolicyExecution
↓
~Cost of Living
Economic
Lean Left
Social
Traditional
−CN¥6,113,424,314/yr
Statutory Rural Revitalization Law
— Rural Revitalization Acceleration Law
enacted 1997 · Jun 13 · per Improve our agriculture.
↑
~ruralRevitalization
↑
~commonProsperityIndex
↓
~eastWestRegionalGap
↓
~Poverty Rate
Economic
Left
Social
Moderate
−CN¥6,113,424,314/yr
Title 15 — Technology
2 statutes
leans lean left -1.5
▾
Statutory AI Strategy Law
— Statutory AI Strategy Law
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Statutory AI Strategy Law (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−CN¥11,462,670,589/yr
Statutory Semiconductor Strategy Law
— Self-Sufficiency Acceleration Law
enacted 1997 · Jun 12 · per Domestic Upgrading of Microelectronics through Process-chipification
↑
~industrialPolicyExecution
↑
~manufacturingCompetitiveness
↑
~tradeBalance
↑
~Workforce Skills
Economic
Left
Social
Lean Trad
−CN¥11,462,670,589/yr
Title 16 — Trade & Tariffs
1 statute
no axis positions
▾
Tariff
— 100% tariff
active tariff · All imports
100% active