Skip to main content
A House Divided
Profile
0
$0
$0
法
法
Code of National Law · Japan
国家法令
National Policy
69 statutes · 15 titles
last enacted 2013
average shown on
country page ↗
Economic
Center-Left
-1.06
Social
Center-Liberal
-0.96
code
record
Titles
Taxation
+1.1
Economic
-1.8
Education
-2.2
Environment
-0.3
Governance
0.0
Healthcare
-2.6
Infrastructure
-1.8
Defense
+1.8
Foreign Policy
-1.0
Immigration
-1.0
Law & Justice
+0.3
Social
-3.0
Agriculture
-0.3
Technology
-1.7
Trade & Tariffs
—
Title I — Taxation
8 statutes
leans center-right +1.1
▾
Income Tax Rate Act
— 15%
enacted 2009 · Jul 5 · per Tax Reduction Act
↑
Small Businesses
↑
~Median Income
↓
~Poverty Rate
↑
~GDP Growth
↑
~Income Inequality
Economic
Lean Right
Domestic Corporation Tax Act
— 9%
enacted 1995 · Jun 8 · per The Tax Reform Act
↑
Small Businesses
↑
~GDP Growth
↓
~Unemployment
Economic
Right
Foreign Corporation Tax Act
— 26%
enacted 2009 · Jul 5 · per Tax Reduction Act
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
Social Insurance Contribution Act
— 15%
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Social Insurance Contribution Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Customs Tariff Act
— 6%
enacted 1995 · Jun 8 · per The Tax Reform Act
↑
Small Businesses
↑
~GDP Growth
↑
~foodSecurity
Economic
Center-Right
Consumption Tax Act
— 10%
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Consumption Tax Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Prefectural Resident Tax Act
— 10%
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Prefectural Resident Tax Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Fixed Asset Tax Act
— 0.5%
enacted 2009 · Jul 5 · per Tax Reduction Act
↑
Small Businesses
↓
~Cost of Living
↑
~Public Trust
Economic
Right
Title II — Economic
14 statutes
leans lean left -1.8
▾
Fiscal and Economic Stimulus Act
— Targeted Stimulus Act
enacted 1998 · Jun 13 · per The Growth and Spending Cuts Act
↑
~GDP Growth
↓
~Unemployment
↑
~Median Income
↓
~Cost of Living
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Center-Liberal
−¥607,266,317,751/yr
Minimum Wage Act
— Balanced Wage Framework Act
standing law
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
Labor and Employment Reform Act
— Work-Life Balance Transformation Act
enacted 2012 · Jul 11 · per Rural Economy Revitalization Act
↑
~workLifeBalance
↑
~mentalHealthAccess
↑
~birthRate
↑
~genderEquality
Economic
Left
Social
Liberal
−¥929,489,261,863/yr
Small and Medium Enterprise Support Act
— SME Enhancement Act
enacted 1998 · Jun 13 · per The Growth and Spending Cuts Act
↑
~Small Businesses
↓
~Unemployment
↑
~ruralRevitalization
↑
~GDP Growth
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Center-Liberal
−¥464,744,630,932/yr
Local Allocation Tax Act
— Regional Empowerment Act
enacted 2012 · Jul 11 · per Rural Economy Revitalization Act
↑
~ruralRevitalization
↑
~Education Spending
Economic
Left
Social
Liberal
−¥929,489,261,863/yr
Regional Economic Development Act
— Regional Economic Expansion Act
enacted 2012 · Jul 11 · per Rural Economy Revitalization Act
↓
~Unemployment
↑
~Small Businesses
↑
~ruralRevitalization
Economic
Left
Social
Liberal
−¥929,489,261,863/yr
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Economy-wide | Domestic only
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Automobiles sector | Domestic only
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Chemical Industries sector | Domestic only
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Energy sector | Domestic only
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Extraction sector | Domestic only
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Manufacturing sector | Domestic only
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Real Estate sector | Domestic only
+7.5% margin active
Subsidy
— +7.5% margin subsidy
active subsidy · National | Technology sector | Domestic only
+7.5% margin active
Title III — Education
6 statutes
leans lean left -2.2
▾
National Education Budget Act
— Education Funding Expansion Act
enacted 2010 · Jul 7 · per Education Funding Act
↑
~Education Spending
↓
~academicPressure
↑
~Social Mobility
↓
~Income Inequality
Economic
Left
Social
Liberal
−¥1,010,711,636,287/yr
University Tuition and Higher Education Act
— Student Affordability Act
enacted 2008 · Jul 3 · per The Education Act
↑
~Education Spending
↑
~Social Mobility
↓
~Income Inequality
↑
~birthRate
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Center-Liberal
−¥631,340,882,050/yr
Academic Culture and Education Reform Act
— Education Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Academic Culture and Education Reform Act (Default)
Social
Moderate
Research and Science Funding Act
— Scientific Discovery Expansion Act
enacted 2010 · Jul 7 · per Education Funding Act
↑
~rdIntensity
↑
~GDP Growth
Economic
Left
−¥2,788,467,785,590/yr
Regional Education Services Act
— Regional Education Expansion Act
enacted 2010 · Jul 7 · per Education Funding Act
↑
~Education Spending
↑
~Social Mobility
↑
~ruralRevitalization
Economic
Left
Social
Liberal
−¥1,010,711,636,287/yr
Regional Skills and Vocational Training Act
— Workforce Development Investment Act
enacted 2008 · Jul 3 · per The Education Act
↓
~Unemployment
↑
~ruralRevitalization
↑
~Small Businesses
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Center-Liberal
−¥631,340,882,050/yr
Title IV — Environment
4 statutes
leans moderate -0.3
▾
Nuclear Energy Policy Act
— Cautious Nuclear Policy Act
enacted 2003 · Jun 23 · per The Environmental Protection Act
↑
~nuclearSafety
↓
~Carbon Emissions
↓
~Cost of Living
Economic
Center-Left
−¥235,470,613,005/yr
Climate and Emissions Policy Act
— Climate Policy Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Climate and Emissions Policy Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−¥508,120,796,485/yr
Renewable Energy Investment Act
— Renewable Energy Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Renewable Energy Investment Act (Default)
Economic
Center-Right
Social
Moderate
−¥520,513,986,643/yr
Regional Environment Act
— Environmental Quality Investment Act
enacted 2003 · Jun 23 · per The Environmental Protection Act
↓
~Air Quality
↑
~ruralRevitalization
↑
~foodSecurity
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Center-Liberal
−¥644,445,888,225/yr
Title V — Governance
4 statutes
leans centrist 0.0
▾
Constitutional Reform Act
— Constitutional Review Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Constitutional Reform Act (Default)
Social
Moderate
Regional Autonomy and Decentralization Act
— Regional Governance Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Regional Autonomy and Decentralization Act (Default)
Social
Moderate
−¥291,239,968,717/yr
Electoral Reform Act
— Electoral System Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Electoral Reform Act (Default)
Social
Moderate
Regional Governance Act
— Regional Governance Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Regional Governance Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−¥291,239,968,717/yr
Title VI — Healthcare
5 statutes
leans left -2.6
▾
National Health Insurance Act
— Healthcare Investment and Modernization Act
enacted 2013 · Jul 13 · per Relief on Citizen Life Act
↓
~Uninsured Rate
↓
~Poverty Rate
Economic
Left
Social
Liberal
−¥18,538,206,707,023/yr
Elder Care and Long-Term Services Act
— Elder Care Transformation Act
enacted 2013 · Jul 13 · per Relief on Citizen Life Act
↑
~elderCareQuality
↑
~Life Expectancy
↑
~mentalHealthAccess
↑
~Social Cohesion
Economic
Left
Social
Liberal
−¥2,021,423,272,574/yr
Mental Health Services Act
— Mental Health Parity Act
enacted 2013 · Jul 13 · per Relief on Citizen Life Act
↑
~mentalHealthAccess
↓
~academicPressure
↑
~workLifeBalance
↓
~Crime Rate
Economic
Left
Social
Liberal
−¥2,021,423,272,574/yr
Public Health and Prevention Act
— Community Health Investment Act
enacted 2010 · Jul 8 · per National Health Service Act
↑
~Health Preparedness
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Center-Liberal
−¥1,180,579,138,184/yr
Regional Health Services Act
— Regional Health Expansion Act
enacted 2010 · Jul 8 · per National Health Service Act
↑
~Health Preparedness
↑
~ruralRevitalization
Economic
Left
Social
Lean Liberal
−¥1,562,781,017,452/yr
Title VII — Infrastructure
5 statutes
leans lean left -1.8
▾
Disaster Preparedness and Resilience Act
— Disaster Resilience Investment Act
enacted 2005 · Jun 29 · per The Infrastructure Act
↑
~naturalDisasterPreparedness
↑
~Health Preparedness
↑
~ruralRevitalization
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Center-Liberal
−¥1,164,959,874,869/yr
Rail and Transportation Infrastructure Act
— Rail Modernization Expansion Act
enacted 1997 · Jun 13 · per Japan Infrastructure Act 1996
↑
~transportEfficiency
↑
~ruralRevitalization
↑
~GDP Growth
↓
~Carbon Emissions
Economic
Left
Social
Lean Liberal
−¥1,487,182,818,981/yr
Digital Infrastructure and Connectivity Act
— Digital Infrastructure Expansion Act
enacted 1997 · Jun 13 · per Japan Infrastructure Act 1996
↑
~Broadband Access
↑
~roboticsAdoption
↑
~ruralRevitalization
↑
~GDP Growth
Economic
Left
Social
Lean Liberal
−¥1,443,806,653,428/yr
Regional Transport Act
— Transport Connectivity Investment Act
enacted 2005 · Jun 29 · per The Infrastructure Act
↑
~transportEfficiency
↑
~ruralRevitalization
↓
~Unemployment
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Center-Liberal
−¥1,189,746,255,185/yr
Regional Utilities and Public Works Act
— Utilities Modernization Investment Act
enacted 2005 · Jun 29 · per The Infrastructure Act
↑
~Water Quality
↑
~Health Preparedness
↑
~naturalDisasterPreparedness
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Center-Liberal
−¥1,270,301,991,213/yr
Title VIII — Defense
4 statutes
leans lean trad +1.8
▾
National Defense Posture Act
— Military Normalization Act
enacted 2012 · Jul 11 · per Protection of National Sovereignty Act
↓
~Safety Confidence
↑
~foreignWorkerIntegration
↓
~Public Trust
Social
Traditional
−¥2,788,467,785,590/yr
Defense Budget Act
— Defense Modernization Act
enacted 2012 · Jul 11 · per Protection of National Sovereignty Act
↓
~Safety Confidence
↑
~GDP Growth
↓
~roboticsAdoption
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Center-Trad
−¥1,815,602,358,173/yr
National Cybersecurity Act
— Cybersecurity Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per National Cybersecurity Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−¥1,003,848,402,812/yr
JSDF Recruitment and Service Act
— National Service Framework Act
enacted 2012 · Jul 11 · per Protection of National Sovereignty Act
↑
~militaryReadiness
↑
~nationalPride
↓
~civilLiberties
Economic
Right
Social
Traditional
−¥1,920,944,474,518/yr
Title IX — Foreign Policy
2 statutes
leans center-left -1.0
▾
Foreign Aid and Diplomacy Act
— Aid and Diplomacy Enhancement Act
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Foreign Aid and Diplomacy Act (Default)
↑
~Public Trust
↑
~foreignWorkerIntegration
↓
~GDP Growth
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Moderate
−¥929,489,261,863/yr
Trade Agreements and Economic Partnership Act
— Trade Partnership Enhancement Act
enacted 1996 · Jun 11 · per Japan Trade Enhancement Act
↑
~GDP Growth
↓
~foodSecurity
↑
~Small Businesses
↑
~foreignWorkerIntegration
Economic
Center-Left
−¥929,489,261,863/yr
Title X — Immigration
3 statutes
leans center-left -1.0
▾
Foreign Worker and Immigration Policy Act
— Workforce Immigration Enhancement Act
enacted 2000 · Jun 17 · per The Immigration Act
↑
~foreignWorkerIntegration
↓
~Unemployment
↑
~Migration Rate
↑
~GDP Growth
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Center-Liberal
−¥929,489,261,863/yr
Visa and Residency Standards Act
— Residency Enhancement Act
enacted 2000 · Jun 17 · per The Immigration Act
↑
~foreignWorkerIntegration
↑
~Social Cohesion
↑
~Migration Rate
Social
Center-Liberal
Immigrant Integration and Support Act
— Integration Enhancement Act
enacted 2000 · Jun 17 · per The Immigration Act
↑
~foreignWorkerIntegration
↑
~Social Cohesion
↓
~Crime Rate
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Center-Liberal
−¥302,930,378,383/yr
Title 11 — Law & Justice
3 statutes
leans moderate +0.3
▾
Policing and Public Safety Act
— Public Safety Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Policing and Public Safety Act (Default)
Social
Moderate
−¥619,659,507,909/yr
Criminal Justice and Rehabilitation Act
— Public Safety Priority Act
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Criminal Justice and Rehabilitation Act (Default)
↑
~Incarceration
↓
~Social Cohesion
↓
~mentalHealthAccess
Social
Center-Trad
−¥619,659,507,909/yr
Regional Policing Act
— Regional Policing Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Regional Policing Act (Default)
Social
Moderate
−¥824,147,145,519/yr
Title 12 — Social
4 statutes
leans liberal -3.0
▾
Family Policy and Birthrate Support Act
— Family Investment Act
enacted 1999 · Jun 16 · per The Woke Agenda Act
↑
~birthRate
↑
~genderEquality
↑
~workLifeBalance
Economic
Left
Social
Liberal
−¥1,347,615,515,049/yr
Gender Equality and Women's Advancement Act
— Women's Advancement Act
enacted 1999 · Jun 16 · per The Woke Agenda Act
↑
~genderEquality
↑
~birthRate
↑
~workLifeBalance
↑
~Median Income
Economic
Lean Left
Social
Liberal
−¥1,123,956,637,552/yr
Work Culture and Lifestyle Reform Act
— Work-Life Transformation Act
enacted 2005 · Jun 27 · per Citizen Wellness Act
↑
~workLifeBalance
↑
~mentalHealthAccess
↑
~birthRate
↑
~genderEquality
Economic
Left
Social
Liberal
−¥1,684,519,393,812/yr
Regional Social Services Act
— Regional Social Services Expansion Act
enacted 2005 · Jun 27 · per Citizen Wellness Act
↑
~Social Cohesion
↓
~Crime Rate
↑
~mentalHealthAccess
Economic
Left
Social
Liberal
−¥1,684,519,393,812/yr
Title 13 — Agriculture
4 statutes
leans centrist -0.3
▾
Agricultural Subsidies and Farming Support Act
— Farm Support Enhancement Act
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Agricultural Subsidies and Farming Support Act (Default)
↑
~foodSecurity
↑
~ruralRevitalization
↑
~Small Businesses
↓
~GDP Growth
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Moderate
−¥557,693,557,118/yr
Food Security and Self-Sufficiency Act
— Food Security Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Food Security and Self-Sufficiency Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−¥340,812,729,350/yr
Rural Development and Revitalization Act
— Rural Development Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Rural Development and Revitalization Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−¥371,795,704,745/yr
Regional Agriculture Act
— Regional Agriculture Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Jun 4 · per Regional Agriculture Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−¥421,368,465,378/yr
Title 14 — Technology
3 statutes
leans lean left -1.7
▾
Robotics and Artificial Intelligence Policy Act
— AI and Robotics Enhancement Act
enacted 2004 · Jun 25 · per The Technology Act
↑
~roboticsAdoption
↓
~Unemployment
↑
~elderCareQuality
↑
~GDP Growth
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Center-Liberal
−¥824,147,145,519/yr
National R&D Investment Strategy Act
— Innovation Expansion Act
enacted 1997 · Jun 13 · per Research and Development Act
↑
~roboticsAdoption
↑
~GDP Growth
↑
~Small Businesses
Economic
Left
−¥1,549,148,769,772/yr
Digital Governance and e-Government Act
— e-Government Enhancement Act
enacted 2004 · Jun 25 · per The Technology Act
↑
~Broadband Access
↑
~Transparency
↑
~Public Trust
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Center-Liberal
−¥966,668,832,338/yr
Title 15 — Trade & Tariffs
2 statutes
no axis positions
▾
Tariff
— 100% tariff
active tariff · Imports from United States
100% active
Tariff
— 0% tariff
active tariff · All other imports
0% active