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A House Divided
A House Divided
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法
Code of National Law · Japan
国家法令
National Policy
49 statutes · 16 titles
last enacted 1993
average shown on
country page ↗
Economic
Centrist
-0.27
Social
Moderate
+0.19
code
record
Titles
Taxation
-1.5
Economic
-0.3
Education
+0.3
Environment
0.0
Governance
0.0
Healthcare
+0.3
Infrastructure
-0.5
Defense
+0.5
Foreign Policy
0.0
Immigration
+1.0
Media & Information
0.0
Law & Justice
+0.5
Social
+0.7
Agriculture
-0.3
Technology
-0.5
Trade & Tariffs
—
Title I — Taxation
8 statutes
leans center-left -1.5
▾
Domestic Corporation Tax Act
— Rate: 30%
enacted 1992 · Oct 11 · per economic stability package
↑
Small Businesses
↑
~GDP Growth
↓
~Unemployment
Economic
Lean Right
Foreign Corporation Tax Act
— Rate: 50%
enacted 1992 · Oct 11 · per economic stability package
↓
Small Businesses
↓
~GDP Growth
↑
~Unemployment
↑
~Cost of Living
Economic
Lean Left
Social
Moderate
Social Insurance Contribution Act
— Rate: 16%
enacted 1993 · Oct 13 · per JapanWorks
↓
Small Businesses
↓
~Social Cohesion
↓
~elderCareQuality
↓
~mentalHealthAccess
Economic
Center-Left
Customs Tariff Act
— Rate: 5%
enacted 1992 · Oct 12 · per Customs Act
↓
Small Businesses
↓
~GDP Growth
↓
~foodSecurity
Economic
Left
Consumption Tax Act
— Rate: 7%
enacted 1992 · Oct 11 · per economic stability package
↓
Small Businesses
↓
~Cost of Living
↑
~GDP Growth
↓
~Poverty Rate
↑
~foodSecurity
Economic
Lean Left
Low Income Tax
— Rate: 45%
standing law
↓
Small Businesses
Economic
Lean Left
Medium Income Tax
— Rate: 45%
standing law
↓
Small Businesses
Economic
Lean Left
High Income Tax
— Rate: 45%
standing law
↓
Small Businesses
Economic
Lean Left
Title II — Economic
7 statutes
leans centrist -0.3
▾
Fiscal and Economic Stimulus Act
— Targeted Stimulus Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Fiscal and Economic Stimulus Act (Default)
↑
~GDP Growth
↓
~Unemployment
↑
~Median Income
↓
~Cost of Living
↓
~economicFreedom
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Moderate
−¥8,787,896,430,676/yr
Minimum Wage Act
— Balanced Wage Framework Act
standing law
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
Labor and Employment Reform Act
— Labor Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Labor and Employment Reform Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−¥243,357,131,926/yr
Small and Medium Enterprise Support Act
— SME Enhancement Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Small and Medium Enterprise Support Act (Default)
↑
~Small Businesses
↓
~Unemployment
↑
~ruralRevitalization
↑
~GDP Growth
↓
~economicFreedom
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Moderate
−¥337,996,016,564/yr
Local Allocation Tax Act
— Local Allocation Tax Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Local Allocation Tax Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−¥17,305,396,048,101/yr
Pension & Retirement Age Act
— Pension Sustainability Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Pension & Retirement Age Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−¥4,055,952,198,773/yr
Banking Separation Act
— Banking Separation Act
standing law
↓
~economicFreedom
↓
~regulatoryBurden
Economic
Centrist
Title III — Education
4 statutes
leans centrist +0.3
▾
National Education Budget Act
— National Education Funding Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per National Education Budget Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−¥6,759,920,331,289/yr
University Tuition and Higher Education Act
— Higher Education Funding Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per University Tuition and Higher Education Act (Default)
Economic
Center-Right
Social
Moderate
−¥2,163,174,506,012/yr
Academic Culture and Education Reform Act
— Education Framework Act
standing law
Social
Moderate
Research and Science Funding Act
— Research Continuity Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Research and Science Funding Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
−¥1,487,182,472,884/yr
Title IV — Environment
3 statutes
leans centrist 0.0
▾
Nuclear Energy Policy Act
— Cautious Nuclear Policy Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Nuclear Energy Policy Act (Default)
↑
~nuclearSafety
↓
~Carbon Emissions
↓
~Cost of Living
↓
~economicFreedom
Economic
Center-Left
−¥1,081,587,253,006/yr
Climate and Emissions Policy Act
— Climate Policy Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Climate and Emissions Policy Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−¥1,892,777,692,761/yr
Renewable Energy Investment Act
— Renewable Energy Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Renewable Energy Investment Act (Default)
Economic
Center-Right
Social
Moderate
−¥1,689,980,082,822/yr
Title V — Governance
2 statutes
leans moderate 0.0
▾
Constitutional Reform Act
— Constitutional Review Framework Act
standing law
Social
Moderate
Electoral Reform Act
— Electoral System Framework Act
standing law
Social
Moderate
Title VI — Healthcare
4 statutes
leans centrist +0.3
▾
National Health Insurance Act
— Healthcare Sustainability Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per National Health Insurance Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−¥36,503,569,788,962/yr
Elder Care and Long-Term Services Act
— Elder Care Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Elder Care and Long-Term Services Act (Default)
Economic
Center-Right
Social
Moderate
−¥11,086,269,343,314/yr
Mental Health Services Act
— Mental Health Services Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Mental Health Services Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Center-Trad
−¥2,703,968,132,516/yr
Public Health and Prevention Act
— Public Health Services Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Public Health and Prevention Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−¥743,591,236,442/yr
Title VII — Infrastructure
2 statutes
leans center-left -0.5
▾
Disaster Preparedness and Resilience Act
— Disaster Preparedness Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Disaster Preparedness and Resilience Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−¥3,244,761,759,019/yr
Rail and Transportation Infrastructure Act
— Transport Enhancement Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Rail and Transportation Infrastructure Act (Default)
↑
~transportEfficiency
↑
~ruralRevitalization
↑
~GDP Growth
↓
~Carbon Emissions
↓
~economicFreedom
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Moderate
−¥2,568,769,725,890/yr
Title VIII — Defense
3 statutes
leans center-right +0.5
▾
National Defense Posture Act
— Balanced Security Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per National Defense Posture Act (Default)
Social
Moderate
−¥4,731,944,231,902/yr
Defense Budget Act
— Defense Efficiency Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Defense Budget Act (Default)
↑
~Safety Confidence
↓
~GDP Growth
↑
~roboticsAdoption
↓
~Small Businesses
Economic
Center-Right
Social
Moderate
−¥3,379,960,165,644/yr
JSDF Recruitment and Service Act
— Recruitment Continuity Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per JSDF Recruitment and Service Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−¥2,027,976,099/yr
Title IX — Foreign Policy
2 statutes
leans centrist 0.0
▾
Foreign Aid and Diplomacy Act
— Aid and Diplomacy Enhancement Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Foreign Aid and Diplomacy Act (Default)
↑
~Public Trust
↑
~foreignWorkerIntegration
↓
~GDP Growth
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Moderate
−¥1,892,777,692,760/yr
Trade Agreements and Economic Partnership Act
— Strategic Trade Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Trade Agreements and Economic Partnership Act (Default)
↓
~GDP Growth
↑
~foodSecurity
↓
~Small Businesses
↓
~foreignWorkerIntegration
Economic
Center-Right
−¥81,119,043,975/yr
Title X — Immigration
3 statutes
leans center-trad +1.0
▾
Foreign Worker and Immigration Policy Act
— Selective Immigration Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Foreign Worker and Immigration Policy Act (Default)
↓
~foreignWorkerIntegration
↑
~Unemployment
↓
~Migration Rate
↓
~GDP Growth
↑
~economicFreedom
Economic
Center-Right
Social
Lean Trad
−¥162,238,087,951/yr
Visa and Residency Standards Act
— Residency Standards Tightening Act
standing law
↓
~foreignWorkerIntegration
↓
~Social Cohesion
↓
~Migration Rate
↑
~economicFreedom
Social
Center-Trad
Immigrant Integration and Support Act
— Integration Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Immigrant Integration and Support Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−¥74,359,123,644/yr
Title 11 — Media & Information
1 statute
leans moderate 0.0
▾
Media and Press Freedom Act
— Broadcast Framework Act
standing law
Social
Moderate
Title 12 — Law & Justice
2 statutes
leans center-trad +0.5
▾
Policing and Public Safety Act
— Public Safety Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Policing and Public Safety Act (Default)
Social
Moderate
−¥540,793,626,503/yr
Criminal Justice and Rehabilitation Act
— Public Safety Priority Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Criminal Justice and Rehabilitation Act (Default)
↑
~Incarceration
↓
~Social Cohesion
↓
~mentalHealthAccess
↑
~economicFreedom
Social
Center-Trad
−¥567,833,307,828/yr
Title 13 — Social
3 statutes
leans center-right +0.7
▾
Family Policy and Birthrate Support Act
— Family Self-Reliance Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Family Policy and Birthrate Support Act (Default)
↓
~birthRate
↓
~genderEquality
↓
~workLifeBalance
Economic
Center-Right
Social
Center-Trad
−¥1,622,380,879,509/yr
Gender Equality and Women's Advancement Act
— Merit-Based Opportunity Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Gender Equality and Women's Advancement Act (Default)
↓
~genderEquality
↓
~birthRate
↓
~workLifeBalance
↓
~Median Income
Economic
Center-Right
Social
Center-Trad
−¥54,079,362,650/yr
Work Culture and Lifestyle Reform Act
— Work Culture Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Work Culture and Lifestyle Reform Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−¥216,317,450,601/yr
Title 14 — Agriculture
3 statutes
leans centrist -0.3
▾
Agricultural Subsidies and Farming Support Act
— Farm Support Enhancement Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Agricultural Subsidies and Farming Support Act (Default)
↑
~foodSecurity
↑
~ruralRevitalization
↑
~Small Businesses
↓
~GDP Growth
Economic
Center-Left
Social
Moderate
−¥1,216,785,659,632/yr
Food Security and Self-Sufficiency Act
— Food Security Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Food Security and Self-Sufficiency Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−¥297,436,494,577/yr
Rural Development and Revitalization Act
— Rural Development Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Rural Development and Revitalization Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−¥432,634,901,202/yr
Title 15 — Technology
2 statutes
leans center-left -0.5
▾
Robotics and Artificial Intelligence Policy Act
— Technology Policy Framework Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per Robotics and Artificial Intelligence Policy Act (Default)
Economic
Centrist
Social
Moderate
−¥297,436,494,577/yr
National R&D Investment Strategy Act
— R&D Enhancement Act
enacted 1991 · Oct 5 · per National R&D Investment Strategy Act (Default)
↑
~rdIntensity
↑
~GDP Growth
↑
~Small Businesses
↓
~economicFreedom
Economic
Center-Left
−¥1,622,380,879,509/yr
Title 16 — Trade & Tariffs
1 statute
no axis positions
▾
Tariff
— 0% tariff
active tariff · All imports
0% active